This video shows you how to install the e-speak speech synthesis application on Windows. E-speak will work on Windows XP SP3 and newer.Espeak website:https:/...eSpeak is an open-source software speech recognition software for English and other Languages, for both Windows and Linux. eSpeak utilizes a "shape patterned synthesis" technique. This enables several languages to be presented in a reasonably small package. The speech recognition engine used by eSpeak is called the eSpeak Basic Speech ...eSpeak is a compact open source software speech synthesizer for English and other languages, for Linux and Windows. eSpeak uses a "formant synthesis" method. This allows many languages to be provided in a small size. The speech is clear, and can be used at high speeds, but is not as natural or smooth as larger synthesizers which are based on ...Highest Rated. In one word: Awesome! eSpeak is an amazing project! If you just want some text read out loud, or saved to a WAV file, you can paste it into the TTSApp and click a button. If you want to process a batch of text files, or SSML documents, there's a handy command line interface. Seriously awesome stuff here and extremely easy to use.When using the espeak-mbrola backend, the mbrola binary and additional mbrola voices must be installed (see here).. On MacOS . espeak is available on brew at version 1.48: brew install espeak.If you want a more recent version you have to compile it from sources.To install festival, mbrola and additional mbrola voices, use the script provided …In this video i will show you a step by step guide on how to convert Text To speech in your C++ console applications using espeak ,a compact, open-source, so...espeak-data/en_dict) 4.2 Phoneme names Each of the language's phonemes is represented by a mnemonic of 1, 2, 3, or 4 characters. Together with a number of utility codes (eg. stress marks and pauses), these are defined in the phoneme data file (see *spec not yet available*). The utility 'phonemes' are: ' eSpeak. Linux version plus Source code: espeak-1.48.15.zip 16.April.2015. Windows SAPI5 and command-line versions of eSpeak: setup_espeak-1.48.15.exe 6. After the new language is installed, navigate to Language and find it in your Preferred languages list. Select your language and choose Options to adjust other language settings, download features, etc. Speech settings and voices. If text-to-speech is available in your language, you can adjust voice settings to change reader voices and speeds when using …May 4, 2013 · espeak 1.43 New format for phoneme definitions, including conditional statements for more flexibility. Added voice variants which use the Klatt synthesizer rather than the eSpeak synthesizer: klatt, klatt2, klatt3 Fixes to the Klatt synthesizer. Aquí nos gustaría mostrarte una descripción, pero el sitio web que estás mirando no lo permite.synesthesiam. on Feb 11. Maintainer. espeak-ng has a special mode where it doesn't speak the text, but instead outputs phonemes. These phonemes are fundamental sound units of human languages, written using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Turning text into phonemes is hard, so Piper outsources it to espeak-ng (for now). The eSpeak speech synthesizer supports several languages, however in many cases these are initial drafts and need more work to improve them. Assistance from native speakers is welcome for these, or other new languages. Please contact me if you want to help. eSpeak does text to speech synthesis for the following languages, some better than others. آموزشگاه زبان اسپیکان با استفاده کامل از ظرفیت خود جهت آموزش آنلاین (آموزش مجازی زبان)، اقدام به ارائه و برگزرای انواع دوره های آموزش آنلاین در سطوح مختلف از اسفند ماه سال 98 برای استفاده زبان آموزان نه تنها تهران، بلکه ...Track Your Progress. Be proud of the accomplishments you've made along your journey to becoming a proficient English speaker. ELSA, English Language Speech Assistant, is a fun and engaging app specially designed to help you improve your English pronunciation. ELSA's artificial intelligence technology was developed using voice data of people ...The eSpeak NG is a compact open source software text-to-speech synthesizer for Linux, Windows, Android and other operating systems. It supports more than 100 languages and accents. It is based on the eSpeak engine created by Jonathan Duddington. eSpeak NG uses a "formant synthesis" method. This allows many languages to be provided in a …synesthesiam. on Feb 11. Maintainer. espeak-ng has a special mode where it doesn't speak the text, but instead outputs phonemes. These phonemes are fundamental sound units of human languages, written using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Turning text into phonemes is hard, so Piper outsources it to espeak-ng (for now).espeak-ng-rs. Rust bindings for espeak-ng exposed to Node via N-API. The projects serves to provide improved phonemization performance by directly interacting with espeak instead of spawning a process for each phonemization request. Performance on a 3700x shows about 1ms/50 chars/thread.A Breakthrough Solution for Statistical Surveys of the U.S. Population. AmeriSpeak® enables organizations to take advantage of the affordability and speed of panel-based surveys, while also obtaining the accuracy, …Install eSpeak and MBROLA Voices (Ubuntu) sudo apt install espeak libespeak-dev. sudo apt install mbrola-en1. sudo apt install mbrola-us2. sudo apt install mbrola-es1. November 14, 2023.In this video i will show you a step by step guide on how to convert Text To speech in your C++ console applications using espeak ,a compact, open-source, so... Building. The first time you build eSpeak NG, or when you want to change how to build eSpeak NG, you need to run the following standard autotools commands: ./autogen.sh. ./configure --prefix=/usr. NOTE: The --prefix option above will install the files to the /usr directory, instead of the default /usr/local location. May 4, 2013 · espeak 1.43 New format for phoneme definitions, including conditional statements for more flexibility. Added voice variants which use the Klatt synthesizer rather than the eSpeak synthesizer: klatt, klatt2, klatt3 Fixes to the Klatt synthesizer. How do I import espeak or espeakng into my python script so it can speak the output results? Can I call the espeak-ng.exe program when my python script needs something read aloud? If, so how do I do this? Thanks. #!/usr/bin/env python3 import json import random import datetime import operator import os import time import sys import … The eSpeak NG is a compact open source software text-to-speech synthesizer for Linux, Windows, Android and other operating systems. It supports more than 100 languages and accents. It is based on the eSpeak engine created by Jonathan Duddington. eSpeak NG uses a "formant synthesis" method. This allows many languages to be provided in a small ... espeak-ng 1.51.1-2. Package Actions. Source Files / View Changes; Bug Reports / Add New Bug; Search Wiki / Manual Pages; Security Issues; Flag Package Out-of-Date; Download From Mirror; Architecture: x86_64: Repository: Extra: Description: Multi-lingual software speech synthesizer ... The eSpeak NG is a compact open source software text-to-speech synthesizer for Linux, Windows, Android and other operating systems. It supports more than 100 languages and accents. It is based on the eSpeak engine created by Jonathan Duddington. eSpeak NG uses a "formant synthesis" method. This allows many languages to be provided in a small ... Development version of eSpeak NG supports 127 languages and accents, which are listed in table below. To check, what languages are supported by distributed version, run espeak-ng --voices command. The languages in espeak-ng are grouped by their ISO 639-5 language family code. They are identified by their BCP 47 identifier.No milestone. Development. No branches or pull requests. 2 participants. When preprocessing everything works fine if I use "--language en-us", however when I try using "--language en-gb" I get the follow error: RuntimeError: Failed to set eSpeak-ng voice.Once compiled, the eSpeak code in speak.js doesn’t know it’s running on the web: speak.js uses the Emscripten emulated filesystem to ‘fake’ the normal file reading and writing calls that the eSpeak C++ code has (fopen, fread, etc.). This allows the normal eSpeak datafiles to be used (either through an xhr, or by converting them to JSON ...The MBROLA is an open source speech engine with collection of diphone voices for speech synthesis. Voices are cost-free for non-commerical purposes, but are not open source. MBROLA does not include any text-to-phoneme translation, so this must be done by another program. eSpeak NG can be used as a front-end to MBROLA, to provide …eSpeak is a command line tool for Linux that converts text to speech. It supports English and many other languages, and uses a "formant synthesis" method. …February 20, 2024. With AI being all the rage at the moment it’s been somewhat annoying that using a large language model (LLM) without significant amounts of computing power meant surrendering ... I converted eSpeak NG to an Arduino Library. The eSpeak NG is a compact open source software text-to-speech synthesizer for Linux, Windows, Android and other operating systems. It supports more than 100 languages and accents. It is based on the eSpeak engine created by Jonathan Duddington. eSpeak NG uses a "formant synthesis" method. Comienza tu SERVIDOR KVM o WEB HOSTING con Hostinger 👉 https://hostinger.com/locosporlinux 💥 ¡Usa el cupón de descuento LOCOSPORLINUX para obtener un 10% d... espeak-ng Public. eSpeak NG is an open source speech synthesizer that supports more than hundred languages and accents. C 2.9k 758. pcaudiolib Public. Portable C Audio Library. C 58 30. sonic Public. Forked from waywardgeek/sonic. Simple library to speed up or slow down speech. The eSpeak NG is a compact open source software text-to-speech synthesizer for Linux, Windows, Android and other operating systems. It supports more than 100 languages and accents. It is based on the eSpeak engine created by Jonathan Duddington. For each language (=voice) you can also set a voice variant (e.g Alicia …eSpeak: speech synthesis. As of 2021-11-17, this project can be found here. Text to Speech engine for English and many other languages. Compact size with clear …Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/pi/espeak.py", line 4, in from espeak import espeak File "/home/pi/espeak.py", line 4, in from espeak import espeak ImportError: cannot import name 'espeak' Any help on this matter would be greatly appreciated, I have a feeling im just making a simple newbie mistake. Hopefully I was …May 6, 2022 · eSpeak is a compact open source software speech synthesizer for English and other languages, for Linux and Windows. It is a reliable Text to Speech engine for English and many other languages. Compact size with clear but artificial pronunciation. Available as a command-line program with many options, a shared library. I've not tried installing new Espeak NG voices since it became Espeak NG. I broke NVDA last time I tried and I've not messed with those files since, but the time before that I tried adding my own voices and it just sounded like the default voice, even though I'd been able to edit Espeak voices before the changeover.The espeak-data files have been modified slightly. Currently espeak-ng can read espeak data, but espeak cannot read espeak-ng data. I can make it so that espeak-ng uses a different voice data so that both espeak and espeak-ng can be installed on the same machine without problems. The espeak-ng project does not include espeakedit.A couple of weeks in, we are at around 75% of add-ons updated to NVDA 2024.1. That’s good, but what really blew me away was the number of add-ons we have. …eSpeak is a compact and efficient speech synthesizer that supports over 80 languages and offers a wide range of features. It utilizes a formant synthesis method to …The modification adds a new function (Spectrum->To_eSpeak) which analysis a voiced sound and produces a file which can be loaded into espeakedit. Details of the modification are in the "praat-mod" directory in the espeakedit package. The analysis contains a sequence of frames, one per cycle at the speech's fundamental frequency. Each frame is …eSpeak is a compact open source software speech synthesizer for English and other languages, for Linux and Windows. eSpeak uses a "formant synthesis" method. This allows many languages to be provided in a small size. The speech is clear, and can be used at high speeds, but is not as natural or smooth as larger synthesizers which are based on ...Uses espeak-ng to transform text into IPA phonemes. This is a fork of espeak-phonemizer that adds support for Windows. Installation pip install espeak_phonemizer_windows If installation was successful, you should be able to run: espeak-phonemizer--version Basic Phonemization. Simply pass your text into the …eSpeak NG testing page. In this page you can test development version of eSpeak NG text-to-speech synthesizer.. Select speech parameters, enter text for spelling in text area and press Send button. If sound file was requested to process, eSpeak NG will prepare sound file, which (depending on your browser) you can play using embedded player, or …Jul 9, 2013 · But this is what i did to get espeak to work with python. Download and Install espeak for Windows from here. Add the eSpeak/command-line folder to PATH so that the command espeak is available. Call espeak commands using python module subprocess similar to how it is done in the example below. Oct 9, 2013 · eSpeak is a compact open source software speech synthesizer for English and other languages. Its clear articulation and good intonation makes it suitable for listening to long text articles. eSpeak is an open source text-to-speech engine that supports many languages and voices. Download the latest version of eSpeak or browse the previous …Sep 18, 2021 · eSpeak-ng is a command-line tool for Linux that converts text to speech. This is a compact speech synthesizer that provides support to English and many other languages. It is written in C. eSpeak ... Sep 19, 2021 · eSpeak-ng is a command line tool for Linux that converts text to speech. This is a compact speech synthesizer that provides support to English and many other languages. It is written in C. eSpeak reads the text from the standard input or the input file. eSpeak-ng can be used as a command-line program, or as a shared library. espeak-ng 1.51.1-2. Package Actions. Source Files / View Changes; Bug Reports / Add New Bug; Search Wiki / Manual Pages; Security Issues; Flag Package Out-of-Date; Download From Mirror; Architecture: x86_64: Repository: Extra: Description: Multi-lingual software speech synthesizer ...Introduction. ESpeak NG is an open-source, formant speech synthesizer which has been integrated into various open-source projects (e.g. Ubuntu, NVDA).ESpeak NG can be also be used as a stand-alone text-to-speech converter to read text out loud on a computer. ESpeak NG is the ‘New Generation’ fork of the older, eSpeak. To add a new …eSpeak is a software that converts text to speech for English and other languages, for Linux and Windows. It uses formant synthesis, supports SSML and HTML, and has different …Currently, using espeak-ng via a conda Python environment (e.g the phonemizer package) will cause issues if your distribution espeak-ng package wasn't compiled against the same glibc as your conda environment. It would be nice if this simply worked out of the box. 👍 1. Assignees.eSpeak is a compact open source software speech synthesizer for English and other languages. Its clear articulation and good intonation makes it suitable for listening to long text articles. It ...eSpeak is a compact text to speech engine for good quality English and other languages. Its clear articulation and good intonation makes it suitable for listening to long text articles. It can speak text files from the command line, and also operates as a "talker" within the KDE TTS system and with a Gnome Speech driver, as an alternative to Festival or other …This container will house the eSpeak environment, providing an isolated and consistent environment for text-to-speech synthesis. To run eSpeak in a Docker container, perform the following: 1. In the terminal or command prompt, use the following command: docker run -it espeak-ng/espeak-ng. 2. After executing the command, you will find …This video shows you how to install the e-speak speech synthesis application on Windows. E-speak will work on Windows XP SP3 and newer.Espeak website:https:/... Building. The first time you build eSpeak NG, or when you want to change how to build eSpeak NG, you need to run the following standard autotools commands: ./autogen.sh. ./configure --prefix=/usr. NOTE: The --prefix option above will install the files to the /usr directory, instead of the default /usr/local location. But this is what i did to get espeak to work with python. Download and Install espeak for Windows from here. Add the eSpeak/command-line folder to PATH so that the command espeak is available. Call espeak commands using python module subprocess similar to how it is done in the example below.Development version of eSpeak NG supports 127 languages and accents, which are listed in table below. To check, what languages are supported by distributed version, run espeak-ng --voices command. The languages in espeak-ng are grouped by their ISO 639-5 language family code. They are identified by their BCP 47 identifier.espeak-ng 1.51.1-2. Package Actions. Source Files / View Changes; Bug Reports / Add New Bug; Search Wiki / Manual Pages; Security Issues; Flag Package Out-of-Date; Download From Mirror; Architecture: x86_64: Repository: Extra: Description: Multi-lingual software speech synthesizer ...Install eSpeak and MBROLA Voices (Ubuntu) sudo apt install espeak libespeak-dev. sudo apt install mbrola-en1. sudo apt install mbrola-us2. sudo apt install mbrola-es1. November 14, 2023.February 20, 2024. With AI being all the rage at the moment it’s been somewhat annoying that using a large language model (LLM) without significant amounts of computing power meant surrendering ...May 6, 2022 · eSpeak is a compact open source software speech synthesizer for English and other languages, for Linux and Windows. It is a reliable Text to Speech engine for English and many other languages. Compact size with clear but artificial pronunciation. Available as a command-line program with many options, a shared library. eSpeak is a compact, open-source text-to-speech synthesiser for Windows and Linux and can synthesise speech from text in English and other languages. eSpeak is a great piece of software to create a talking …Installing eSpeak Part(1)1. Introduction to eSpeak (00:19)2. Downloading Files (04:38)3. Installing eSpeak (10:43)4. Installing MRBOLA.exe (30:15)5. Installi...Espeak is a command-line utility that facilitates text-to-speech conversion across a spectrum of languages and accents. It boasts ease of installation and use, proving indispensable in various ...The espeak-data files have been modified slightly. Currently espeak-ng can read espeak data, but espeak cannot read espeak-ng data. I can make it so that espeak-ng uses a different voice data so that both espeak and espeak-ng can be installed on the same machine without problems. The espeak-ng project does not include espeakedit.The eSpeak NG is a compact open source software text-to-speech synthesizer for Linux, Windows, Android and other operating systems. It supports more than 100 languages and accents. It is based on the eSpeak engine created by Jonathan Duddington. eSpeak NG uses a "formant synthesis" method. This allows many languages to be provided in a …The build creates symlinks of espeak to espeak-ng, and speak to speak-ng. The espeak speak_lib.h include file is located in espeak-ng/speak_lib.h with an optional symlink in espeak/speak_lib.h. This file contains the espeak 1.48.15 API, with a change to the ESPEAK_API macro to fix building on Windows and some minor changes to the …Whether you’re working in a clinic or on your own at home, the Cuespeak therapy app provides a powerful tool to help deliver therapy with the intensity required to make a real difference. Cuespeak is recommended by the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) for therapy for aphasia and apraxia of speech.Special speech systhesis chips of old are no longer required. The smallest of today's Linux computers often has the capabity to output speech. This includes the Raspberry Pi line of single board computers. From the Raspberry Pi Zero to the A+/B+ to the Raspberry Pi 2, all have the capacity to run free software to turn text to speech.eSpeak: speech synthesis. As of 2021-11-17, this project can be found here. Text to Speech engine for English and many other languages. Compact size with clear …/usr/bin/espeak-ng /usr/bin/speak-ng /usr/share/doc-base/espeak-ng-documentation /usr/share/doc/espeak-ng/README.html /usr/share/doc/espeak-ng/README.md.gz /usr/share ...You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window.The build creates symlinks of espeak to espeak-ng, and speak to speak-ng. The espeak speak_lib.h include file is located in espeak-ng/speak_lib.h with an optional symlink in espeak/speak_lib.h. This file contains the espeak 1.48.15 API, with a change to the ESPEAK_API macro to fix building on Windows and some minor changes to the … The eSpeak speech synthesizer supports several languages, however in many cases these are initial drafts and need more work to improve them. Assistance from native speakers is welcome for these, or other new languages. Please contact me if you want to help. eSpeak does text to speech synthesis for the following languages, some better than others. As such, early attempts at machine voice generation sounded very monotone and robotic. eSpeak was one such attempt, and happily, it now (more than 20 years later) allows us to produce this fun robotic text to speech app. If you're old enough, you might remember "Microsoft Sam" - the robotic sounding voice which could read things out in Microsoft …The eSpeak speech synthesizer supports several languages, however in many cases these are initial drafts and need more work to improve them. Assistance from native speakers is welcome for these, or other new languages. Please contact me if you want to help. eSpeak does text to speech synthesis for the following languages, some better than others.Oct 28, 2023 · Therefore perhaps see if that’s what’s going wrong. If you have espeak-ng properly installed, you should be able to run it straight from the command line from anywhere - testing that works is a good start. If that works and you still have issues with the Python package then further things will need to be looked into. eSpeak NG is a compact and versatile software that converts text to speech in 107 languages and accents. It supports command line, shared library, SAPI5 and MBROLA …Install eSpeak NG in Linux. eSpeak NG is packaged for popular Linux operating systems, so you can install eSpeak using the default package manager. To install eSpeak NG on Arch Linux, EndeavourOS and Manjaro Linux, run: $ sudo pacman -S espeak-ng. Debian, Ubuntu and its derivatives like Linux Mint and Pop OS: $ sudo apt …In this tutorial we learn how to install espeak-ng on Ubuntu 22.04. What is espeak-ng. espeak-ng is: eSpeak NG is a software speech synthesizer for English, and some other languages. eSpeak NG produces good quality English speech. It uses a different synthesis method from other open source text to speech (TTS) engines, and sounds quite different.Re: Espeak sounds slow and broken. Thu Oct 24, 2013 9:14 pm. I'm still having no luck with espeak. I just tried again with a fresh Raspbian image : 2013-09-25-wheezy-raspbian.zip. Model A. No peripherals (camera, SPI etc) enabled. Ran apt-get update / upgrade and rpi-update. Rebooted. apt-get install espeak.
Installing eSpeak Part(1)1. Introduction to eSpeak (00:19)2. Downloading Files (04:38)3. Installing eSpeak (10:43)4. Installing MRBOLA.exe (30:15)5. Installi.... Jfk to cok
Aquí nos gustaría mostrarte una descripción, pero el sitio web que estás mirando no lo permite. The eSpeak NG is a compact open source software text-to-speech synthesizer for Linux, Windows, Android and other operating systems. It supports more than 100 languages and accents. It is based on the eSpeak engine created by Jonathan Duddington. eSpeak NG uses a "formant synthesis" method. This allows many languages to be provided in a small ... Comienza tu SERVIDOR KVM o WEB HOSTING con Hostinger 👉 https://hostinger.com/locosporlinux 💥 ¡Usa el cupón de descuento LOCOSPORLINUX para obtener un 10% d...When using the espeak-mbrola backend, the mbrola binary and additional mbrola voices must be installed (see here).. On MacOS . espeak is available on brew at version 1.48: brew install espeak.If you want a more recent version you have to compile it from sources.To install festival, mbrola and additional mbrola voices, use the script provided … #Sintetizador #eSpeak #Tutorial. Curiosa aplicación #opensource para convertir texto a voz. Dale click al PLAY y míralo en vídeo.URL: http://espeak.sourcefor... 使用 eSpeak 进行文本到音频转换. 通过 eSpeak 实用程序，您可以轻松地朗读指定的文本。. 您可以通过两种方式监听输入字符串：. 1. 使用以下命令来收听引号中指定的文本：. espeak "enter the text that you want to listen to". 例子 ：. 2. 输入以下命令，然后按 Enter：.The eSpeak speech synthesizer supports several languages, however in many cases these are initial drafts and need more work to improve them. Assistance from native speakers is welcome for these, or other new languages. Please contact me if you want to help. eSpeak does text to speech synthesis for the following languages, some better than others.Oct 9, 2013 · eSpeak is a compact open source software speech synthesizer for English and other languages. Its clear articulation and good intonation makes it suitable for listening to long text articles. [email protected] The eSpeak NG (Next Generation) Text-to-Speech program is an open source speech synthesizer that supports over 70 languages. It is based on the eSpeak engine created by Jonathan Duddington. It uses spectral formant synthesis by default which sounds robotic, but can be configured to use Klatt formant synthesis or …Aquí nos gustaría mostrarte una descripción, pero el sitio web que estás mirando no lo permite.Special speech systhesis chips of old are no longer required. The smallest of today's Linux computers often has the capabity to output speech. This includes the Raspberry Pi line of single board computers. From the Raspberry Pi Zero to the A+/B+ to the Raspberry Pi 2, all have the capacity to run free software to turn text to speech.May 6, 2022 · eSpeak is a compact open source software speech synthesizer for English and other languages, for Linux and Windows. It is a reliable Text to Speech engine for English and many other languages. Compact size with clear but artificial pronunciation. Available as a command-line program with many options, a shared library. Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/pi/espeak.py", line 4, in from espeak import espeak File "/home/pi/espeak.py", line 4, in from espeak import espeak ImportError: cannot import name 'espeak' Any help on this matter would be greatly appreciated, I have a feeling im just making a simple newbie mistake. Hopefully I was …Uses espeak-ng to transform text into IPA phonemes. This is a fork of espeak-phonemizer that adds support for Windows. Installation pip install espeak_phonemizer_windows If installation was successful, you should be able to run: espeak-phonemizer--version Basic Phonemization. Simply pass your text into the …hi guys, I this video I am going to show you how to convert text to speech using espeak text to speech synthesizer free software.Just add espeak-sys as a dependency in Cargo.toml and link to it within your crate: [ dependencies ] espeak-sys = "0.0.2". extern crate espeak_sys; Usage of the crate is as simple as using the provided functions as they are defined in libespeak 's header file, with a few caveats. Namely, the type field of the espeak_EVENT struct is renamed to ...Development version of eSpeak NG supports 127 languages and accents, which are listed in table below. To check, what languages are supported by distributed version, run command. The languages in espeak-ng are grouped by their ISO 639-5 language family code. They are identified by their BCP 47 identifier.eSpeaks teachers are all native speakers and are qualified language instructors from Canada, France, Spain, Italy, Russia, Netherlands, Germany, Portugal and Brazil. They mostly come from recognized universities. University of Toronto Faculty of Education (Toronto, Canada) AnneArundelCommunity College (Washington DC, USA).